Context-The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) is attempting for the first time, with the support of Gujarat’s forest department, to rehabilitate coral reefs using biorock or mineral accretion technology. In the Gulf of Kachchh, a bio rock structure was built one nautical mile off the Mithapur coast.
Defenition– Biorock is the name given to a substance created by the electro-accumulation of minerals dissolved in saltwater on steel structures lowered to the seabed and coupled to a power source, in this case solar panels that float on the surface.
Working of technology
- The BIOROCK TECHNOLOGY works by passing a small amount of electrical current through electrodes in the water.
- When a positively charged anode and negatively charged cathode are placed on the sea floor, with an electric current flowing between them, calcium ions combine with carbonate ions and adhere to the structure (cathode).
- This results in calcium carbonate formation. Coral larvae adhere to the CaCO3 and grow quickly.
- Fragments of broken corals are tied to the biorock structure, where they are able to grow at least four to six times faster than their actual growth as they need not spend their energy in building their own calcium carbonate skeletons.
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